It’s not all in your head.

Graffos et al: Very interesting article on another possible mechanism for chronic pain.  Summary of Text of Emerging Evidence of Neuroimmune modulators

Normal sensory transmission involves pre synaptic neuron, post synaptic neuron and astrocytes – (tripartate synapse)

Astrocytes help return glutamate back to homeostasis. Glutamate stimulates transmission of information – can increase pain.

Microglia – act as macrophages – supposed to clear cell debris and dead neurons away from nervous tissue – adding problems with them into the mix – now a tetrapartite system.

Abnormalities in microglia could lead to production of excess pro-inflammatory substances which could be another cause of ongoing pain.

Research is being done on low dose Naltrexone (LDN)and Palmitoylethanolamide PEA to manage these factors.

LDN 1.5mg increase by one tab every 2 to 3 days to 4.5mg daily – opioid antagonist

PEA not available in Canada and very $$$

Many souls trying to help solve the chronic pain crisis.

Never give up – Never surrender.